Key terms and definitions used in the architecture, engineering, and construction industry.
Pre-payment given to the contractor before starting work or during the work process. Usually determined as a certain percentage of the contract price and deducted from progress payments.
A flexible and iterative project management approach. Aims for rapid adaptation to changing requirements and continuous improvement. Applied particularly in software and design processes in the construction industry.
Advanced technology solutions used in the construction industry for project planning, risk analysis, cost estimation, and quality control processes. Produces predictions by learning from historical project data with machine learning algorithms.
The process of digitally modeling the physical and functional characteristics of a building in 3D. Provides data management throughout the lifecycle from design to demolition. It is the cornerstone of digital transformation in the AEC industry.
Activities of building inspection organizations controlling project compliance, material quality, and occupational safety during the construction process. A mandatory practice under Building Inspection Law No. 4708.
A legal permit document required from the relevant municipality to start building construction. Confirms compliance with zoning plans and building regulations. Unlicensed construction is subject to serious sanctions.
Computer-Aided Design - the general name for computer-aided design software. Used to create 2D and 3D drawings in architecture, engineering, and construction projects. Software like AutoCAD and Revit fall into this category.
A financial planning tool for tracking incoming and outgoing monetary resources throughout the project. Cash flow management in construction projects maintains balance between progress payments and material purchases.
Technology for hosting project data, documents, and applications on internet-accessible servers. Facilitates team collaboration and enables data synchronization between site and office.
The working area where construction activities are carried out, temporary facilities are established, and materials are stored. Must be organized in compliance with occupational safety regulations.
A detailed document showing the estimated cost of a construction project. Calculated based on unit prices derived from quantity takeoff schedules. Forms the basis of tender processes and budget planning.
A planning technique that identifies the longest sequence of activities in a project. Reveals the minimum project completion time and activities with zero delay tolerance.
An exact digital replica of a physical structure or system. Updated with real-time data to monitor building performance and run simulations. Increasingly common in smart building management.
The process of predetermining and evaluating the potential environmental effects of large-scale construction and infrastructure projects. Some projects cannot be started without EIA report approval.
Temporary structural elements used in reinforced concrete structures to give concrete the desired shape. Can be produced from wood, metal, or plastic materials. The choice of formwork system directly affects cost and quality.
A visual planning tool that displays project activities as horizontal bars on a timeline. Each bar represents the start and end date of a task. It is the most widely used method for tracking project progress.
Geographic Information System - an information system used for collecting, storing, analyzing, and visualizing geographic data. Widely used in infrastructure projects, land management, and urban planning.
Buildings constructed with sustainable materials that aim to minimize environmental impact with high energy and water efficiency. Evaluated by international certification systems such as LEED and BREEAM.
A commercial document showing the nature, quantity, and price of goods sold or services rendered. It has become mandatory to issue through e-invoice and e-archive invoice applications digitally.
Internet of Things - technology that enables physical devices to exchange data over the internet. Used on construction sites for environmental monitoring with sensors, equipment tracking, and security systems.
Turkish Personal Data Protection Law (No. 6698) - the fundamental legal framework regulating the processing of personal data in Turkey. Imposes obligations such as disclosure, explicit consent, and data security on data controllers.
A document issued by banks guaranteeing that the contractor will fulfill contractual obligations. Various types include provisional guarantee, definitive guarantee, and advance guarantee letters.
Represents critical stages or completion points of important objectives in the project process. Creates reference points for evaluating overall project progress. Can be linked to progress payments.
The entirety of measures to protect the health and safety of employees. Risk assessment and safety plans are mandatory at construction sites under OHS Law No. 6331.
Program Evaluation and Review Technique - a planning method that uses optimistic, pessimistic, and most likely time estimates considering uncertainties. Used together with CPM to provide more realistic time planning.
A payment document prepared based on the amount of work completed by the contractor in construction projects. Typically prepared on a monthly basis reflecting the project progress status. It is the fundamental document of the financial relationship between the client and contractor.
A planning document showing the timeline of all activities from start to finish of a project. Can be prepared in Gantt chart or network diagram format. It is the main tool for project tracking.
The process of measuring and calculating the material quantities and work items required for construction. Critical for accurate project budget estimation. Forms the basis of cost estimates.
Steel bars used in reinforced concrete structures to increase the tensile strength of concrete. Placed at appropriate diameters and intervals according to the project. Critically important for earthquake safety.
Official document for reporting employee entry/exit and monthly premium declarations to the Social Security Institution. Timely and accurate reporting for construction site workers is a legal requirement.
A cycle in Agile project management where planned work packages are executed within a specific period (usually 1-4 weeks). Each sprint aims to produce a working deliverable at its conclusion.
A sub-contractor who undertakes a specific work item or work group from the main contractor. Widely preferred to provide specialized workforce in the construction industry. Coordination is critical for project success.
A document that records the daily working hours and attendance of personnel at the construction site. It is the primary data source for payroll calculations and workforce planning.
A practice where the buyer deducts a portion of VAT payable to the seller and pays it directly to the tax office in construction contracting works. A 4/10 withholding rate is commonly applied in the construction sector.
A structure that hierarchically breaks down all work items of a project into sub-components. Enables clear definition of project scope and division of work packages into manageable parts.